The Healthy Potion Business Has Been Operating For 10 Years

The Healthy Potion business has been operating for 10 years. The current owner generated $500,000 surplus funds and opened 5 additional stores in Australia Shopping Malls. Previously, they sold unique beverages containing Chinese herb. The business is built on health benefits. Even though sales revenue increased, the number of repeated customers dropped from 70% to 40%. The owner believes that adding the herb to fresh juices may be a new selling point, and she wants to expand the business in this way. I will use a rational approach in my report to advise her on strategies for growth. This consists of three stages: Analysis, Formulation, and Implementation. In the first stage, I will use SWOT analysis to examine internal†¦show more content†¦A company reported that the cost of producing in China is nearly free due to the benefits they received. Another strength is HP takes advantage of economies of scale- decreasing cost over output. HP have 6 operating stores, (Good and Kah n n.d.) suggests firms that produce high levels of outputs will have low costs as there are less fixed costs per unit. HP further benefits from purchasing economies of scale is where they are buying big bulks of supply and receives discounts which lower their cost of production than smaller firms. Offshoring business in China can also create a major weakness due the loose laws and regulations. Looking at the case of Apple, who outsources its business to Foxconn. Apple gives frequent pressure Foxconn to lower profit margins while demanding for the high workload. Foxconn response by reducing labour expenditures, by cutting wages and benefits. Due to a compulsory national minimum wage, wages are cut by forcing workers to work overtime. (Interview 2011 cited in Chan, Pun and Selden 2013, pp. 104-110). Chan, Pun and Selden (2013) suggest the outcome of this resulted in frequent cases of worker’s suicide, worker’s strike and labour exploitation. Therefore, high supervision costs need to be enforced to avoid similar incidences. Apple suffered from severe damage to corporate reputation, brand image and further it could even decrease

A Detailed Description of Schizophrenia - 1023 Words

Comparison Contrast Paper Introduction Schizophrenia is described as a very severe, chronic, and debilitating cognitive or psychological problem that is highly characterized with increased mortality and morbidity, heavy burden to the public health care and socioeconomic development in terms of treatment and management, and increased risks to a plethora of life threatening adverse health events and complications (Gaebel, 2011). This condition is categorized as a terminal or lifelong mental condition that makes it difficult for the affected individuals to behave or function normally, display normal emotional reaction, think rationally, and in most situations, the affected patients are unable to make a distinction between the existing†¦show more content†¦The affected individuals exhibit a myriad of signs and symptoms that include both positive and negative symptoms. The positive symptoms include mania or uncontrollable thought problems, hallucination (patients tend to hear and see people and things that are no t real), perception disturbances, disorganized thoughts, delusions and paranoia (beliefs that are not based in reality), abnormal behavior that range from childlike silliness to erratic agitation, abnormal motor behavior, and jumbled speech (Mueser Jeste, 2008). Others include negative signs and symptoms that prevent the patient from having a normal life, and include blunted emotions, lack of feeling or understanding of other people feelings, loss of motivation, social withdrawal, suicide thoughts, inability to concentrate, lack of desire to accomplish personal goals and objectives and deterioration in social, occupational, and interpersonal relationships. In most occasions, the early phases of this condition are exclusively limited to behavioral changes, but when these behavioral changes are ignored or left untreated, the patient is predisposed to further life threatening adverse events and complications such as stroke, and permanent brain damage, and even death in extreme situat ions (Gaebel, 2011). All cases of schizophrenia are mainly characterized with positive symptoms such as Mania,Show MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1343 Words   |  6 Pages What is Schizophrenia? Experts agree that it is a syndrome (signs and symptoms that are thought to co-occur in ways that distinguish it from other syndromes and from normal thoughts and behaviors). Schizophrenia is also defined as a psychotic disorder with, impairments in reality, disturbances of perception and thought experienced as hallucinations, delusions, hearing voices, seeing things that are not there, and paranoia. Its onset usually starts in a person’s late teens to early twentiesRead MoreSchizophreni A Psychological Disorder1028 Words   |  5 PagesHill College December 7, 2016 Assessment Research paper Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder which about one percent of the population (John et al., fid. 2001) Morbidity is caused by the negative and positive symptoms. Research has shown that disability and impairment is caused by cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. It is by a group of disorders which and it s largely unknown. It involves a set of disturbances of perception, thinkingRead MoreEssay about The Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia1358 Words   |  6 PagesThe Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a disease that has plagued societies around the world for centuries, although it was not given its formal name until 1911. It is characterized by the presence of positive and negative symptoms. 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Many researches have been conducted to understand the etiology of schizophrenia, such as genetic factors or environmental factors thus, I believe the problem is researchable. A brief background of the definition the term schizophrenia is defined in the introduction and much information about the topic is explained t hroughout the introduction. I believe the article indicates all the variables that wereRead More Essay on Condemnation of a Patriarchal Society in Yellow Wallpaper860 Words   |  4 Pages The insanity is rooted in the narrators inability to fall easily into that mould. Gilmans descriptions of the wallpaper are really eloquent delineations of the restrictions and constraints placed upon women. In short, the wallpaper is what all proper women are supposed to be; the narrator is one woman who is unable to adapt and, hence, she becomes a lunatic.    The narrators first description of the wallpaper puts forth most plainly what the nature of women is believed to be: dull enoughRead MoreBorderline Personality Disorder ( Bipolar Disorder )1653 Words   |  7 Pagesimpulsivity, cognitive problems, and intense unstable relationships. Before diagnosis, Doctors must establish that patterns of affective instability, impulsivity, and unstable relationships have been consistent over time. Therefore, obtaining the patient’s detailed history is crucial. Many of the same features can be found in patients with Bipolar Disorder. Dysphorias, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and thoughts of suicide, are psychotic symptoms found in both disorders. Sadly, borderline patients with this clusterRead MoreThe Role Of Family And Caretakers Relationships940 Words   |  4 Pagesthe individual with bipolar disorder and their outcomes with treatment, along with how these interactions affect the other members of the family. A strength that was present in each article was the depth of detail presented in each study; this description will make it easier to replicate the studies. These commonalities throughout the articles may be beneficial for the researcher, but could also have some shortcomings. Family functioning and their relations are impactful for both the family memberRead MoreMultiple Personality Disorder Essay1635 Words   |  7 Pagesexists in about one percent of the population. Much research supports the existence of this disease and its origins, causes and effects on the people in who suffer with it. This essay will clearly define Multiple Personality Disorder along with a detailed synopsis of the disease itself. The diagnosis, alter personalities, different treatments and views will indicate the disease is real. The American Psychiatric Association named Multiple Personality Disorder in 1994 Dissociative Disorder. MultipleRead MoreThe Most Complex Organ Of The Body1379 Words   |  6 Pageseight times in the Papyrus, and the Papyrus also describes the symptoms, diagnosis and prognosis of two patients who were wounded in the head and had compound fractures to the skull. While the author of the Papyrus is not known, the notes are very detailed and the author must have had a vast knowledge of the brain to be able to make these assumptions on the patients. During the second half of the first millennium BC, the Ancient Greeks developed differing views on the function of the brain. Greek

Cultural Heritage Paper free essay sample

Cultural heritage can be defined as a way of living one’s life including the customs, practices, values, beliefs, traditions and lifestyles that a person or group of people practice (Baker, 2007). Cultural heritage are those things that are passed down from generation to generation. Each generation practices the same or very similar practices as the generation before. This practice of passing down values, beliefs and traditions is the foundation of practicing cultural heritage (Baker, 2007). This paper will discuss the differences and similarities of three different cultures identifying common health traditions based on the use of a cultural heritage assessment tool. This tool asked a series of twenty nine questions about culture and respondents answered the questions accordingly. The greater the number of positive responses, the greater the individuals identification with a traditional heritage (Spector, 2000). The three cultures which participated in the cultural heritage assessment tool were American, Hispanic, and Polish. The three areas that were addressed were health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration within these three cultures. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Heritage Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The similar and different health traditions were identified in all three cultures. Health Restoration Health restoration within the three cultures who participated in the cultural assessment tool was very different in their approach. The American’s used western type of medicine to help restore their health. The other two used a variety of methods to restore health. The visit to the family doctor or the specialist doctor was the method of choice and the use of pharmaceuticals to treat anything from infections to chronic disease states was very common practice with the American culture. The American culture seemed to be more apt to use all kinds of medical remedies available from herbs and over the counter medications to high priced prescription drugs they got from the pharmacy. There was very little cultural heritage used in the American approach to health restoration. When looking at the results from the cultural heritage tool questioner, the American family had a total of 46. Again the greater the number, the greater the person identified with cultural heritage. The Hispanic and Polish cultures used many different medical products; however, both of these groups used more home remedies which were based on cultural heritage and traditions than the American culture. The Polish group was more likely to use the western medical approach and relied more on using western medicine, similar to the American approach. They were different from the American group. The Polish used many tonics and homemade potions to help with health problems like diarrhea, sour stomach and skin rashes. The Polish culture used vodka as a base in many of their homemade medicines and home remedies. Family traditions and home remedies to restore health were used quite often and there were many times a religious ceremony attached to the health restoration procedure. They often times used raw eggs in many of their drinks as a source of protein. When looking at the results from the cultural heritage tool questioner, the Polish family had a total of 60. They identified very heavily towards their cultural heritage for health restoration. The Hispanic culture used the least western medicine. They used a lot of herbal teas, plants and food sources as medicine. Natural products such as vegetables and plants and other non pharmacological products were used frequently. In the Latino society, people turn to the family first for medical help. The use of home remedies and cultural traditions past down from generation to generation is prevalent. Hispanics go to the doctor in many cases only as a last resort. The Hispanic Family scored a 76 on the cultural assessment questioner. This meant that their health restorations and traditions were mainly based on cultural heritages and cultural traditions. Cultural heritage is an integral part of Hispanic life and also the type of medicine used. The Hispanic culture and health restoration is centered on family along with religious traditions over generations.

The Significance of the Relationship Between Eddie and Beatrice Essay Example

The Significance of the Relationship Between Eddie and Beatrice Essay The next crucial point is when Eddie implies that Rodolpho is gay. Rodolpho and Marco go to work on the piers, and whilst working Rodolpho sings. Rodolpho sings the first night he is with the Carbones and Eddie is quick to tell him to stop, saying he will get picked up. After this, he has a campaign solidified in him and Eddie believes Rodolpho is gay. Rodolphos qualities- singing, cooking and dress making, are seen as signs of weakness by Eddie and this campaign sees Eddie start to believe that Rodolpho is only after Catherine so he can get legal papers into the USA. At one point, Eddie goes to see Alfieri- lawyer and narrator in the play, to see if there is any law against what he thinks Rodolpho is doing. Alfieri is the first person to tell Eddie what is implied throughout the play- that he has more than a fatherly love for Catherine. ALFIERI: She wants to get married, Eddie. She cant marry you, can she? EDDIE [Furiously]: Whatre you talking about, marry me! I dont know what the hell youre talking about! Eddies desperation for something to change what is inevitable is ominous. Beatrice and Eddie have grown apart throughout this whole episode, because Beatrice is perfectly happy to let Catherine grow up and gain independence, whereas Eddie is determined to come between Catherine and Rodolpho. As the play develops into Act 2, there is a turning point in Catherines life- she loses her virginity. Then follow a series of events that lead up to the climax of the play. Eddie catches Rodolpho and Catherine, and throws the cousins out. The cousins then move upstairs to a vacant apartment with two other submarines after talking to Alfieri, Eddie phones immigration and turns Marco and Rodolpho in. We will write a custom essay sample on The Significance of the Relationship Between Eddie and Beatrice specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Significance of the Relationship Between Eddie and Beatrice specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Significance of the Relationship Between Eddie and Beatrice specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Eddie and Beatrice talk about Catherine and the whole situation, and this is when Eddie says I want my respect! he feels that Beatrice has not been the wife to him she should have been, and has not supported him in his choices. He wants her to support him, and feels she is not doing that. This conversation signifies the sway the pair have grown apart. At the beginning of the play Beatrice stood by Eddie, but as the play has developed she hasnt backed him up as much as he would have liked. However, Beatrice feels she has not changed, and it is Eddie who has made things different. Eddies love for Catherine has driven them apart because he has been too consumed in splitting Rodolpho and Catherine up to worry about Beatrice. He feels he is being victimized and is not treated the way he should be- Its a shooting gallery in here and Im the pigeon. The climax of the play is the fight between Marco and Eddie, which results in Eddie being stabbed. This event occurs because immigration come and take Marco, Rodolpho and the two submarines away, and Marco realizes that it is Eddie who has snitched on them. The realization hits Catherine and Beatrice, and Catherine turns against Eddie. Marco spits in Eddies face, a significant event that shows Marcos hatred for Eddie. It is this event that enrages Eddie and makes him determined to seek revenge- Marco spitting in his face and accusing him has turned everyone against and he has lost his name. Marco and Rodolpho are released until their trial, and Catherine and Rodolpho press ahead with their wedding plans in order for Rodolpho to gain legal access to stay in America. Marco comes after Eddie as revenge for turning them in and `killing his children` and Eddie is ready for a fight to regain his `name. ` This fight results in Eddie being stabbed and dying in Beatrices arms. Eddies last line My B.! indicates his love for Beatrice, although he feels he has been wronged by all of the protagonists and was, in fact, in the right throughout the play. Eddie has deluded himself throughout the play, and this delusional behaviour continues to his very end. He still believes he was in the right throughout, and will not compromise this view for anyone, not even Beatrice- his wife.

Definition and Examples of the High or Grand Style

Definition and Examples of the High or Grand Style Definition In classical rhetoric, the grand style refers to speech or writing thats characterized by a heightened emotional tone, imposing diction, and highly ornate figures of speech. Also called high style. See the observations below. Also see: DecorumEloquenceLevels of Usage Plain Style and Middle Style Purple ProseStyle Observations Alas! the grand style is the last matter in the world for verbal definition to deal with adequately. One may say of it as is said of faith: One must feel it in order to know what it is.(Matthew Arnold, Last Words on Translating Homer, 1873)The grand style of oratory Cicero described was magnificent, stately, opulent, and ornate. The grand orator was fiery, impetuous; his eloquence rushes along with the roar of a mighty stream. Such a speaker might sway thousands if conditions were right. But if he resorted to dramatic delivery and majestic speech without first preparing his listeners, he would be like a drunken reveller in the midst of sober men. Timing and a clear understanding of the speaking situation were critical. The grand orator must be familiar with the other two forms of style or his manner would strike the listener as scarcely sane. The eloquent speaker was Ciceros ideal. No one ever achieved the eminence he had in mind but like Platos philosopher king, the ideal sometimes motivated mans best efforts.(James L. Golden et al., The Rhetoric of Western Thought, 8th ed. Kendall Hunt, 2004) [In De Doctrina Christiana] Augustine notes that for Christians all matters are equally significant because they concern mans eternal welfare, so ones use of different stylistic registers should be linked to ones rhetorical purpose. A pastor should use a plain style for instructing the faithful, a moderate style for delighting an audience and making it more receptive or sympathetic to sacred teachings, and a grand style for moving the faithful to action. Although Augustine says that a preachers chief homiletic purpose is instruction, he acknowledges that few people will act based on instruction alone; most must be moved to act through the psychological and rhetorical means employed in the grand style.(Richard Penticoff, Saint Augustine, Bishop of Hippo. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition, ed. by Theresa Enos. Taylor Francis, 1996)

Political Parties and the Facebook Founder

Political Parties and the Facebook Founder Mark Zuckerberg says hes neither a Democrat nor a Republican. But his social media network, Facebook, has played a huge role in American politics, particularly the election of Donald Trump in 2016. Zuckerberg Isnt Affiliated With a Major Party Zuckerberg is registered to vote in Santa Clara County, California, but does not identify himself as being affiliated with the Republican, Democrat or any other party, according to a 2013 report in the Wall Street Journal. I think its hard to affiliate as being either a Democrat or a Republican. Im pro knowledge economy, Zuckerberg said in September 2016. Facebook Political Action Committee The Facebook cofounder  and his companys  political action committee  have  given tens of  thousands of dollars to political candidates of both parties in recent years, a relatively small amount relative to the vast sums of money flowing through the election process. Yet the billionaire’s spending on campaigns does not tell us much  about his political affiliation, a topic of much speculation. Zuckerberg is a major contributor to Facebook’s political-action committee, called Facebook Inc. PAC. He’s given $25,000 to the PAC since 2011, according to federal records. The Facebook PAC raised nearly $350,000 in the 2012 election cycle. It spent $277,675 supporting federal candidates; Facebook spent more on Republicans ($144,000) than it did on Democrats ($125,000).   In the 2016 elections, Facebook PAC spent $517,000 supporting federal candidates. In all, 56 percent went to Republicans and 44 percent went to Democrats. In the 2018 election cycle, Facebook PAC spent $278,000 supporting candidates for federal office, mostly on Republicans, records show. Zuckerberg did, however, give his largest one-time donation to the Democratic Party in San Francisco in 2015 when he cut a check for $10,000, according to Federal Election Commission records. He has sharply criticized President Trumps Republican immigration policies, saying he was concerned about the impact of the presidents first executive orders. We need to keep this country safe, but we should do that by focusing on people who actually pose a threat, Zuckerberg wrote on his Facebook page. Expanding the focus of law enforcement beyond people who are real threats would make all Americans less safe by diverting resources, while millions of undocumented folks who dont pose a threat will live in fear of deportation. Zuckerbergs large donation to Democrats and his criticism of Trump have led some to the conclusion that the Facebook CEO is a Democrat. But Zuckerberg did not contribute to anyone in the 2016 congressional or presidential races, not even Democrat Hillary Clinton. He also stayed out of the 2018 midterm elections, records show. But Zuckerberg and Facebook have  nonetheless come under intense scrutiny for the social networks outsized influence on American political discourse, in particular its role in the 2016 election. Campaign Contributions to Republicans and Democrats Zuckerberg himself has contributed to:   Sean Eldridge: Zuckerberg contributed the maximum $5,200 to the Republican House candidate’s campaign committee in 2013. Eldridge is husband of Facebook co-founder Chris Hughes, according to the National Journal.Orrin G. Hatch: Zuckerberg contributed the maximum $5,200 to the Republican senator from Utah’s campaign committee in 2013.Marco Rubio: Zuckerberg contributed the maximum $5,200 to the Republican senator from Florida’s campaign committee in 2013.Paul D. Ryan: Zuckerberg contributed $2,600 to the failed 2012 Republican vice presidential nominee and House member in 2014.Charles E. Schumer: Zuckerberg contributed the maximum $5,200 to the Democratic senator from New York’s campaign committee in 2013.Cory Booker:  Zuckerberg also contributed $7,800 in 2013 to the  prominent member of the Democratic Party and senator  who is widely believed to be a leading candidate for president as soon as 2020. But  Zuckerberg  sought and received a full ref und for unexplained reasons. Facebooks Role in the 2016 Election Facebook has drawn fire not for its or its founders campaign contributions, however, but for its business practices. The company has been criticized for allowing partisan third parties (one of which had ties to the Trump campaign) to collect data about users, and for allowing its platform to serve as a tool for Russian groups seeking to sow discord among the American electorate. Zuckerberg was called to testify in his own defense before members of Congress who had express concern for user privacy. The companys largest controversy to date has been the disclosure, first reported by The New York Times, that a political consulting firm harvested the data of tens of millions of Facebook users, information that was later used to build psychological profiles of potential voters in 2016. The firm, Cambridge Analytica, worked for the Trump campaign in 2016. Its misuse of the data prompted internal investigations by Facebook and the suspension of about 200 apps. Facebook was also hammered by policymakers for allowing the  proliferation of misinformation, often called fake news, across its platform- misinformation that was designed to disrupt the election process, government officials have said. A  Kremlin-backed firm called the  Internet Research Agency purchased thousands of derogatory Facebook ads as part of its operations to interfere in elections and political processes,† federal prosecutors allege. Facebook did little, if anything, to discourage the spread of misinformation before and during the campaign. Zuckerberg and Facebook launched efforts to take down fake accounts and misinformation. The social media cofounder told members of Congress the company previously didnt take a broad enough view of our responsibility, and that was a big mistake. It was my mistake, and Im sorry. I started Facebook, I run it, and Im responsible for what happens here. Political Advocacy Zuckerberg is among the tech leaders behind FWD.us, or Forward U.S. The group is organized as a 501(c)(4) social welfare organization under Internal Revenue Service code. That means it can spend money on electioneering or make contributions to super PACs without naming individual donors. FWD.us spent $600,000 on lobbying for immigration reform in 2013, according to the Center For Responsive Politics in Washington. The group’s primary mission is to get policy makers to pass comprehensive immigration reform that includes, among other tenets, a pathway to citizenship for the estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants currently living in the United States who do not have legal status. Zuckerberg and many tech leaders are lobbying Congress to pass measures that would allow for more temporary visas to be issued to high-skilled workers. The contributions to individual members of congress or candidates listed above are examples of his support for those who back immigration reform. Zuckerberg, though he personally has contributed to Republican political campaigns, has said the FWD.us is nonpartisan. â€Å"We will work with members of Congress from both parties, the administration and state and local officials,† Zuckerberg wrote in The Washington Post. â€Å"We will use online and offline advocacy tools to build support for policy changes, and we will strongly support those willing to take the tough stands necessary to promote these policies in Washington.†

Analysis of Virtual Teams and Effects on Organizational Performance Research Paper

Analysis of Virtual Teams and Effects on Organizational Performance - Research Paper Example Virtual teams allow organizations to collaborate with the most talented people in their field, in all geographies, thereby removing the need to hire local experts. Virtual teams enable an organization to create a more diverse talent pool that would have not been possible if the organization was not having a policy of virtual teams (Snyder, 2003).   With the implementation of virtual teams in the workplace, employees can work and communicate in real-time despite the barriers of geographical distance and time. Travel time and costs are reduced including expenses such as accommodation, travel, and other daily allowances. Virtual teams also enhance productivity as the daily work life does not get disrupted because of frequent travel (Opper and Fersko-Weiss, 1992). All these factors enable the organization to increase their productivity and reach markets quickly and effectively. Work life balance and flexibility: Virtual teams lead to enhancement of work life balance for its team member s. Virtual team members can carry out their work from their location at any time as they wish removing the necessity of frequent travelling. The flexibility in the timings that comes up with virtual teams enables team members to manage balance between their personal and work life. Extended market opportunity: Virtual teams give organizations an opportunity to reach markets spread across the globe. Virtual teams are generally spread around all the locations across the world. This structure enables teams to have direct and quick access to different markets. With the implementation of virtual teams, organization can build a local connect with the customers in each country. The local presence also enables the organization to get a better understanding of the market including customer taste and behavior. Virtual teams are an effective tool for organizations to increase confidence amongst customers. Customers can be sure of the services of an organization having virtual teams because of t he local presence of individuals in their country. Virtual teams also provide an effective tool for small businesses to establish their global presence. Small businesses can expand their market reach through use of virtual teams.  ·   Ã‚  Knowledge transfer: Another major advantage of having virtual teams is the continuous knowledge transfer between various team members. Technical tools such as net-meeting, remote computer access and video and audio conferences enable members from across the globe in different time zones to participant in various discussions which increase the knowledge for team members. Generally the team members in virtual teams are individuals with different skill sets and competencies. With virtual teams, members based out of different geographic locations can gain knowledge from other members at a very low cost. Disadvantages Although virtual teams have significant positives, they also come with certain disadvantages that might arise out of issues like comm unication deficiency, poor leadership and incompetent team members. These disadvantages might also hamper the growth of the team which may result in inability of the team to achieves its goals. Communication deficiency: Communication deficiency is the most critical disadvantage that comes with virtual teams. Members of the virtual team do not interact face to face and interact but primarily through technological tools. â€Å"Effective use of communication, especially during the early stages of the team’

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 23

History - Essay Example According to Turner, Americans derived their unique character from the constant need to face this great frontier and conquer its wildness. This provided Americans with specific traits such as individualism as they battled the wilderness alone, nationalism as they claimed new territories for their country, mobility as they continued to push their boundaries and egalitarianism as they discovered that each man, fighting for a means of making a living, was equal to all other men as they are all engaged in the same activity and should be given the same opportunity (Flagg, 1997). In many respects, Turner had a good point. Americans were constantly coming up against a frontier boundary behind which the world was still savage and wild. In order to make this land hospitable, it was necessary for individual spirits, knowing they would not have the backing of a large community or governmental army behind them, to go out and conquer this wilderness and bring it into order for the ‘proper’ settlement of civilized folk. That there was a frontier at all presented a constant challenge to all Americans that success could be had for the taking if one was willing to fight hard enough for it. At the same time, there seemed to be no limit to this expanse of wild areas to be conquered, giving Americans the impression that it was open to any and all who would come. However, as Wibe (2007) explains, this theory discounted to an obscene degree the role of the ‘savages’ who already lived in this wild and untamed land. Rather than simply being open and available for the taking, much of this land already belonged to another people, people who often had treaties with the very government Americans envisioned themselves as fighting for. There is no account for the lack of shame Americans should have taken at desecrating a land belonging to others, no indication of the moral destruction caused by the near

A Summary Of Research On Job Retention & Turnover In Child Welfare Service Essay Example for Free

A Summary Of Research On Job Retention Turnover In Child Welfare Service Essay This article discusses job retention in social welfare. Smith (2004) raises a problem that cannot be dismissed lightly: â€Å"staff turnover in child welfare agencies† with estimated turnover rates within â€Å"23% to 85%† annually. Smith (2004) suggests â€Å"the need to explain, understand, and prevent it. † According to Smith (2004), various business environments have used models to explain employee turnover reflecting perceived organizational support and organizational commitment. Only a few studies applied this model when studying child welfare retention. Data was gathered from two surveys to test organizational support on job retention to include factors such as supervisor support, extrinsic rewards, and intrinsic job values. Smith collected data from child welfare staff on two occasions at various agencies to study job retention in child welfare. First, an in-person survey was given. A couple of months later, information was collected from the participating agencies to examine the percentage of individuals that remained employed at the agency. Twelve counties participated. Staff turnover rates were high in these areas of study. Smith (2004) measured organizational and job satisfaction, supervisor supportiveness and satisfaction, job tenure, workload, time use, and perceptions about job turnover and retention. Smith used the organizational support theory and work place exchange relationship to theoretically examine the perceived effects on job retention. The â€Å"work place exchange relationship†, stated by Smith (2004), looks into the relationship of a â€Å"frontline staff† and a direct supervisor. This relationship suggests that when subordinates perceive their supervisor to be supportive â€Å"they become more committed to the organization† (Smith, 2004) Smith (2004) considers the organizational establishment of arrangements that support work-life balance to be an important form of organizational support. This theory suggests that â€Å"workplace arrangements that facilitate work-life balance will promote employee commitment to the organization. † Another aspect of the organizational support theory is that it highlights the â€Å"roles of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards† in employees’ decision to stay with or to leave their employers. For instance, one study concluded that extrinsic rewards, like, benefits package, are important â€Å"motivator† whereas another study on intrinsic rewards found that the latter is a more powerful motivator than the former. (e. g. , Deci, 1971; Snelders Lea, 1996). The results of Smith’s study indicated that â€Å"extrinsic rewards such as the facilitation of life-work balance and supervisor support are associated with job retention, but reports of intrinsic job value or not†. According to Smith (2004), a social exchange framework is useful for understanding turnover and retention dynamics in child welfare organizations. In my personal view, I find one weakness of the research having â€Å"study measures. . . not standardized. † This makes the research less scientific and subject to criticisms from the scientific and business communities. On the other hand, I find the strength of the research in its confidence in declaring that its findings â€Å"can appropriately be generalized,† however, â€Å"only to high-turnover agencies in rural areas†Ã¢â‚¬â€œthus, the knowledge obtained from the research can be used by decision-makers in formulating and adopting certain policies on employee retention and turnover.

National Political Influence and the Catholic Church Essay -- Politics

Democratic transitions recently became a topic of great discussion among political scholars as a domino effect of democratization began in Latin America in the 1970s and continued through Eastern Europe in the late 1980s. In many of these transitions, the Catholic Church[1] played a crucial role as the protector of civil society during periods of communist and right-wing authoritarian rule, as well as taking an active role to promote the establishment of democracy (Bruneau 1994, Levine 1980, Stepan and Linz 1996, Perà ©z-Dà ­az 1993, Ramet 1987). While the Church’s political role in transition is important, significantly fewer scholars have explored how democracy affected the Catholic Church within the national context (Eberts 1998, Ramet 1999, Vilarino and Tizon 1998). Even fewer have attempted cross-national comparisons of the Church, thus permitting generalizations to be made about the political influence of the Church since the institution of democratic governance (Casan ova 1993, Gill et al.1998). With the establishment of democracy the Church was expected to flourish, due to its organizational and political advantage within new democracies. However, initial research suggests otherwise. Using the involvement of the Church in abortion policy as an indicator of political influence, it is clear the cases of Spain, Brazil and Poland vary extensively. The Polish Church maintained the most political influence, followed by the Brazilian and Spanish Churches (Neilsen 1991, Volenski and Gryzmala-Mosczynska 1997, Gautier 1998, Casanova 1993, Linz 1991, Morris 1993). In Brazil and Poland, the Church played an instrumental role in the democratic revolution, making a political decline in the Church almost inconceivable. While initially th... ...ee is regarded as a non-member state permanent observer allowing it to occasionally participate in General Assembly discussions and decisions and participate in UN International Conferences. Holy See, however, has no voting rights. [3] Secularization refers to the number of clergy that disaffiliated from the Church (i.e. transfer from ecclesiastical to civil). [4] Vatican II theology â€Å"stressed a very different notion of the Church as the people of God, assigned a more important role to the laity, redefined the authority of the Pope over the hole Church and the bishops over the diocese† (Mainwaring 1986). Vatican II theology stressed the need for social justice and vowed to help the less fortunate, this came to be known as the option for the poor. [5] The Roman Curia is the collection of ministries for governing the International Church (Della Cava 1993).

Misuse of Anti Dowry Law

Misuse of anty dowry laws in India- the other side of the coin. Synopsis: I] Introduction II] Justification of study. III] Scope of study. IV] Methodology adopted. V] Chapterisation. a)Meaning of dowry & its historical background in Indian society b) Consequences of dowry on society. c) Legal provisions about dowry. d) Misuse of anty dowry laws. e) Public opinion about antidowry laws VI] Conclusion. -: Introduction:- Normally Dowry is considered as the poison of the marital life, life taking thing in the name of traditional practice. Mostly media and newspaper daily colour the events of dowry deaths and cruelty against wife for obtaining maximum TRP for their channels and newspaper and as the press and media are the fourth pillar of democracy engrave the negative impact about the male members of the society. Every death after marriage is unfortunately to be considered by the society as the dowry death and cruelty by the families of the husband. No doubt there are many laws are there in various Acts made by the legislature for the protection of the women against dowry and cruelty from the husband and his family members. But, does the legal machinery analyse if the anti dowry laws made by the Indian parliament are being misused by the wives to extort money from the families of their husband or not? Hence one must also have to look at the other side of the coin also. II]-: Justification of study:- Every Law enacted by the parliament is the sword of both edged. It can help the society for eradicating the evils of the society also to remove the inhuman traditions prevailing in the society but it can be misused by the society to a greater extent. Hence the main reason for choosing this topic for research by the researcher is to study the social impact of anti dowry laws in Indian society and to trace are the anti dowry laws are being used in a positive way by the society in order to eradicate the evils or is being misused just only to extort money from the husband and his relatives & to harass them mentally. III] Scope :— The scope of this research will be limited to study the present impact of anti dowry laws enacted by the parliament on the society and to find out how far the anti dowry laws are used to eradicate the evils in the society or is being misused only to extort money from the husband and his relative and to put this issue before the NGO’s and all types of legal and non legal authorities for the purpose of prevention of anti dowry laws from its being misused. -:Methodology adopted:- There are two main kinds of methodologies which are used in research they are as follows: I. Doctrinal or traditional or non-empirical legal research. & II. Non doctrinal or empirical legal research. Doctrinal or traditional or non-empirical legal research:- A doctrinal research means a research that has been carried out on a legal proposition or propositions by the way of analyzing the existing statutory provision and cases by applying the reasoning power. According to S. N. Jain doctrinal research involves analysis of case law, arranging ordering and systematizing a legal prepositions and study of legal institutions through legal reasoning or rational deductions. Ascertaining a legal rule for the purpose of solving problem is one of the purposes of traditional legal research. This has been achieved by the original sources of law the acts of parliament and the acts passed by legislatures fall under this category of precedents. The secondary sources like text books on law, commentaries do not possess as much authority as the original sources possess. Hence, quality of doctrinal research depends upon the source material on which the researcher depends upon his study. The doctrinal research attempts to verify the hypothesis by a firsthand study of authoritative sources. A doctrinal researcher should know how to use a law library for the major portion of his research methodology concern with the identification of authoritative sources and use of techniques to find them out. Doctrinal research looks at the following issues:- 1)The aim of preferred values, 2)The problems posed by the gap between the policy goal and the present state of achievement, 3)Availability of alternative choice for the implementation of goals 4)The predictions and consequences that were made. Following are the characteristics of doctrinal research:- 1) The study is mainly based on propositions, ) The sources of data for a doctrinal, Researchers are the reports of appellate Courts and conventional legal theory. 3) It is concern with what the particular doctrine of law says and not as what made the authority to say so or what has been that impact of that say . II. Non doctrinal legal research or empirical legal research:- Conducting empirical research in law is of recent origin. E mpiric means relying solely on observation and experiment not on theory. The empirical research is carried out by collecting gathering data or information relating to universe by a firsthand study. The empirical research technique is also called as fact research. Explaining the scope of this technique, Arthur Nussabaum observed, by fact research in law we mean the systematic search Into the social, political and the other fact conditions which give rise to individual rules and examination of the social, political and other effects of these rules. Empirical research is an inquiry that attempts to discover and verify general rules allowing us to understand why human beings behave the way they do. The methods like observation,interview,questionnaire,survey and case study are used to discover the human conduct. All inquiries are not suitable to empirical methods. Any inquiry whose objective is to determine what is good and what is evil cannot be empirically tested. The reason for this is that the researcher cannot discover the admissible physical evidence. Research into the value system and moral questions are not amenable to empirical methods. The empirical research is mainly concern with the legal decision process, i. e. researcher’s attention is on variables that influence the decision and the impact of decisions on the society. The empirical decision may be defined as research into relationship of law and other behavioral sciences. here,more importance is given to people,social values andsocial institutions and not to the legal aspects or doctrines. Usually a researcher undertakes some aspects of legal decisions and his more numerical and needed data won’t be available in the library, hence field work has to be done. In American universities, legal researchers have originally employed the empirical research methods in their pre-legislative inquiry. Following are the characteristics of non-doctrinal research:- ) It tries to find out the impact of no –legal events upon the legal decision process. 2) It seeks to identify and appraise the degree of variables which influence the outcome and legal decision-making. 3) It tries to find out the effect the effect of each decision on people and society as such. The field of empirical research is wider and the availability sources are very less which invo lve several new techniques which are known to research. For the purpose of research on this topic the researcher is using here Doctrinal or traditional or non-empirical legal research. :Chapterisation:- a)Meaning of dowry & its historical background in Indian society The beginning of 19th century plays an important role in degrading Indian women till its depth. The fear of insecurity not only envisaged in unmarried young women but also married women. In India, â€Å"family† has always been prime importance. Marriage being an important social institution since Vedic period was biased against women. It was regarded as the social alliance between two families instead of two persons. The bride was expected to serve her husband and his family and ensure their happiness and well being. There was no question of her happiness, expectation or content. There were three main objectives of Hindu marriage: dharma or religious duties to be performed by the couple, proja or procreation, and rati or conjugal love. 1 The exploitation of woman began with the child marriage. A girl too young to take life seriously, a girl too young to understand the meaning of ‘life’ and ‘marriage’, had to step into the world of thorns. She was subjudicated by her mother-in-law and other members of her husband’s family, most of the time including even her husband. She was expected to observe ‘purdah’, not to speak to elders, speak in low voice to younger members of family, not to speak or meet her husband except midnight and bear all harsh words and sufferings for even minor fault and above all never to express her sorrows or utter a word of distress to anyone. A woman had no freedom, neither personal nor economic. Traditionally, the Hindu woman had distinct economic right called ‘stridhan’. 2 In order to partially set off the disability suffered under the notion of joint ownership by male members, the smritikars assigned a special category of property to women termed as ‘stridhana’. The first mention of this term is found in Gautama Dharma sutra. He provided not only for the women’s separate property but also distinct and separate rules for its succession. But the definition of ‘stridhana’ changed over from time to time, granting all the rights and power to husbands. Consent of the gi rl was not considered to be relevant and hence, she was left with no choice, except to accept all pains and marry. The traditional concept of marriage has greatly changed and Hindu marriage is considered to be of dual nature i. e. f both religious sacrament and contract, where mutual consent and benefit of both the parties are duly aided by different legal provisions and reforms. Attempts to bring about changes in the status of women either through legislation or judicial activism can achieve little success without a simultaneous movement to transform the social and economic structures and the culture (values, ideologies and attitudes) of society. 4 One of those attempts to bring changes in status of women and relieve her from her sufferings, pains and gloomy environment is given under chapter XX-A of Indian Penal Code, 1860. ) Consequences of dowry on society. c) Legal provisions about dowry. Following are some legal provisions about dowry- Chapter XX-A of Indian Penal Code, 1860, refers to ‘cruelty by husband or relatives of husband’ and includes section 498-A. Section 498-A states, that whoever being the husband or relative of the husband of woman, subjects such woman to cruelty shall be punished with the imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and also be liable to fine. Explanation- For the purpose of this section, â€Å"cruelty† means- (a) Any wilful conduct which is of such nature as is likely to drive the woman to commit suicide or to cause grave injury or danger to life, limb or health (whether mental or physical) of the woman; or (b) Harassment of the woman where such harassment is with view to coercing her or any person related to her meet any unlawful demand for any person related to her to meet such demand. The section was enacted to combat the menace of dowry deaths. It was introduced in the code by the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1983 (Act 46 of 1983). By the same Act section 113-A has been added to the Indian Evidence Act to raise presumption regarding abetment of suicide by married woman. The main objective of section 498-A of I. P. C is to protect a woman who is being harassed by her husband or relatives of husband. Section 113-A of Indian Evidence Act, reads as follows: Sec. 13-A, Presumption as to dowry death- When the question is whether a person has committed the dowry death of a woman and it is shown that soon before her death such woman has been subjected by such person to cruelty or harassment for, or in connection with, any demand for dowry, the Court shall presume that such person had caused the dowry death. Explanation- For the purpose of this section ‘dowry death’ shall have the same meaning as in section 304-B of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860). The object for which section 498A IPC was introduced is amply reflected in the Statement of Objects and Reasons while enacting Criminal Law (Second Amendment) Act No. 46 of 1983. As clearly stated therein the increase in number of dowry deaths is a matter of serious concern. The extent of the evil has been commented upon by the Joint Committee of the Houses to examine the work of the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961. In some of cases, cruelty of the husband and the relatives of the husband which culminate in suicide by or murder of the helpless woman concerned, which constitute only a small fraction involving such cruelty. Therefore, it was proposed to amend IPC, the Code of Criminal Procedure,1973 (in short ‘the Cr. P. C’) and the Evidence Act suitably to deal effectively not only with cases of dowry deaths but also cases of cruelty to married women by the husband, in- law’s and relatives. The avowed object is to combat the menace of dowry death and cruelty. 5 The act of harassment would amount to cruelty for the purpose of this section. Drinking and late coming habits of the husband coupled with beating and demanding dowry have been taken to amount to cruelty within the meaning of this section, but this section has been held not to include a husband who merely drinks as a matter of routine and comes home late. 6 In a case before Supreme Court it was observed that this section has given a new dimension to the concept of cruelty for the purposes of matrimonial remedies and that the type of conduct described here would be relevant for proving cruelty. d) Misuse of anty dowry laws. e) Public opinion about anti dowry laws

Online English Grammar Lessons

The mentioned skills must be reactive by every applicant in order for them to enhance their skills not only in Job seeking but also in their work field. Minor Statements These are specific problems of company's current system: Hassle in typing the applicant's data on the database due to lack of people (Maximum of 2 senior recruitment specialists per recruitment office) Lack of information about the nature of the Job Hassle in answering the application form manually before they will have their initial interview at the same day. 1. 4 ObjectivesThis study intends to develop an Online English Grammar Lessons for aspiring call center applicants. 1. 4. 1 . General Objective The main objective of the study is to design an interactive e-learning system, in order to provide accessible teaching method that can be easily integrate by the end user into the training program. The ultimate goal is to design comprehensive teaching tools specifically designed to the development of the end user's comm unication skills particularly in grammar through the contents of Online English Grammar Lessons.Specific Objective The proposed system specifically aims to: 1 . Helps to use the English language effectively in grammar. 2. To enable assimilate the correct patterns of the language. 3. Knowledge of the underlying ‘rules' of grammar 4. To develop insight into the structure of English language. 5. To enable the assimilate the correct patterns of the language. 6. To develop the mental abilities of reasoning and correct observation. 1. 4. 3. Scope and Delimitation SCOPE This study mainly focused on the development of one's communication skills using inline teaching approach of English grammar lessons.The study will include online registration for those who are aspiring applicants of the said company. This study looked into a better impact of using technology today, it can help our beneficiaries to know the differences of using manual system to a computerized generation today. Communi cation skills development consists of wide range of topics. The researcher limited this research to the development of pronunciation and diction of the applicants.

Asia and the Pacific After WWII essays

Asia and the Pacific After WWII essays The situation that formed in Asia and the Pacific Rim after WWII was basically a battle between the West (America, capitalism) and the East (USSR, communism). The war created two super-powers in Russia and the USA. Russia immediately began to convert all their territory gained into communist puppet governments. This caused disagreement between the US and the USSR. The US then tried to suppress the spread of communism. This started the Cold War. When other countries turned to communism, the US would try to stop it. The situation in Asia and the Pacific Rim during the Cold War caused many political, economic, and social changes. The political changes that occurred usually involved communism. Many countries had revolutions that introduced communism. The People’s Republic of China was taken over by Mao Zedong, and they became communist. Chaing Kai-shek moved to Taiwan and started the Republic of China. This move toward communism was one of many. Other countries to change to communistic ways were Vietnam, which caused a war that the US got involved in, Korea, which also caused a war that the US got involved in. In South Asia, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh all undertook political reforms as well. India was becoming too close with the Soviets, so Pakistan let the US cut ties between India and the USSR through Pakistan. Bangladesh, who has not had a stable government in ages, went through yet another attempt to salvage their government. This time they tried military rule. The economic changes that these countries went through were very similar. All of the countries that went to communism changed their economy. A lot of the time, the countries that changed to communism spent so much money on the military that they had none to spend on the people. So all of the promised goods they couldn’t afford. This happened in China and the USSR. In Australia, they broke away from total British rule, and began trading with Asia; this caused t...

Women too apologetic in the boardroom - Emphasis

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Decisions In Paradise 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Decisions In Paradise 3 - Essay Example Then GT Corp should channel funds to establish the infrastructures needed for the school. As Education is a necessity for the youth of Kava, the school will have no problem in recruiting the local students. There are certain factors and/or considerations prevailing in Kava both in its internal as well as in its external environment, which could affect the deployment of the Business School. The first of the destructive factor that could affect the Business School are the ongoing problems with natural disasters. That is, with the Kava located in the Pacific, it has been and will also be under threat from natural and man made occurrences or destructions like Typhoons, Tornadoes, Floods, Fires, Volcanic eruptions, Earthquakes and Petroleum spill. These destructions will destroy the Business School if its intensity is greater and close to the school. These occurrences are a common phenomenon in the Pacific and Kava could be no exception to it. Also, with not so advanced technological setup and infrastructure, the whole island is like a sitting duck to the nature’s fury. Even if, GT Corp builds its Business School with inbuilt protections, there will be skeptics questioning its validi ty and pinpointing only the risk factors. And, if the skepticism also creeps into the different hierarchy of the corporation and into the minds of the stockholders or stake holders, the deployment will become difficult. That is, when the top management and the stockholders raise doubts about the project, the financial resources will be blocked leading to the failure of the project. Also, a great deal of financial resources will be again needed to rebuild or repair the Business School, if it comes under the fury of the nature. Another factor, which could affect the deployment of the School, could come in the form of costly healthcare in Kava, which will be needed for protection from

Business & Project Creation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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Global warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Evaluating How To Ensure Patient Safety Nursing Essay

Evaluating How To Ensure Patient Safety Nursing Essay PATIENT SAFETY According to World Health Organisation (2010) Patient safety is the prevention and avoidance of adverse circumstances or injuries coming from health care process. Accidents, errors are common events that can occur in the clinical area. Safety arises from the interaction from different parts of the system: it does not live in a person, department or device. Patient safety is a branch of health care quality. Patient safety could be defined as the prevention of errors and adverse effect associated with patients in health care. Health care has become more complex and more effective with greater use of medicines, treatment and more use of technologies; also, patient safety is the prevention of adverse effects to patients and prevention of errors associated with health care. In every care given there is a certain degree of unsafe practice, wrong procedure, side effects of drugs, hazards done by a faulty or substandard medical device used in the health system, human errors or system errors (latent) failures (World Health Organization, 2002). Patient safety is a global issue whereby about 2.3% -16.6% adverse event rates have been documented from acute care hospitals. 1.4 million people worldwide have also been reported by the World Alliance for patient safety are suffering from acquired infections from hospitals and in the developed world 10% of patients admitted to modern medical hospitals acquire one or more infections. In Africa and Asia pacific region, patient safety is a very big issue of concern. In the developing countries the risk of health care associated infection is 2-20times higher than in developed countries, sometimes the percentage of health care acquired infection can exceed 25%. The countries rise of unsafe care is alarming (WHO, 2007, pp. 15). Nursing literature and standards of professional conduct elevating patient safety and standard care all presuppose the importance of excellence in nursing practice. About what excellence is and how it may be operationalised as a moral essential in patient safety discourse is not well interpreted. It may not be possible to effect to any one specific definition of the idea what excellence in health and nursing care area is, but only to give examples of distinct excellences of professional practice and professional lives for example case of exceptional caring, exceeding honesty, outstanding understanding and skill, laudable wisdom, uncommon patience and eminent integrity. RISK ASSESSMENT It is the identification of attendant uncertainties in order to estimate the risk in an organization IPCS (2004). Risk assessment is the first constituent in risk analysis process which also includes management of risk and communication of risk. Risk assessment refers to techniques and methods that apply to the judgment of hazards. Risk assessment starts with problem formulation which includes four additional steps as elaborated below: (1)Identification of hazards; (2)Characterization of hazards; (3)Assessment exposure; (4)Characterization of risk (IPCS, 2004). Identification of hazards entails recognizing the hazard and acting fast to prevent an incident from occurring. Characterization of hazards has to do with the drug, object or procedure that might cause the adverse effect. Assessment exposure involves how are patient expose to this hazards, how much danger is likely to occur, how long is the danger likely to occur, what measure of danger is appropriate for typifying health risk? Characterization of risk involves how does the assess exposure compare guidance value for the drug? The nurses on duty in this case scenario did not act as harm absorbers by ensuring the safety of the young girl in the ward by combining expertise, experience and training which is required from experienced nurses. They needed mental alertness or foresight to identify on time that the patient tourniquet was not unfastened. National Patient Safety Agency (2008) has developed a mental preparedness training program which aims at enabling nurses to increase knowledge of determinant that raises the chance of patient safety incidents, boost their confidence to keep patient safety incident from happening and understanding risk-prone situations better. Reason (2004) cultivated a method for analysing risks which was structured around the three-bucket model. According to the model, most patient safety incidents can be prevented if clinical staffs foresee error before any task, procedure or action is attempted. The assessment is divided into three parts, which are: the self-bucket, context-bucket and the task-bucket. Relating these three-bucket prediction approaches to the case scenario examined in this essay is detailed below. In the self-bucket, the registered nurse that collected the blood sample from the little girl had a low level of competence and experience because it is the duty of a medical laboratory scientist which she is not. She was not aware of the policies that governs the procedure and never took her time to cross-check what she was doing. In the context-buck the registered nurse on duty lacked team support from her colleagues. The four registered nurses on duty would have shared the patients in the ward to themselves in a ratio of 10:1 and the unfastened tourniquet would have been noticed by the staff nurse in charge of this young girl. In the Task-bucket the registered nurse that collected the blood sample was unfamiliar with the task so did not remember to unfasten the tourniquet. She would have asked for a medical laboratory scientist who has more experience in this procedure and it would have help reduced the work load for this staff nurse because the ward was busy and full. Reason (2004) noted that using foresight is a fundamental skill of an experienced registered nurse and for it to be more effective it must be practised. He goes on to say that healthcare professionals who needs to develop error wisdom, alertness and quick reactions needs to apply it, should use the simple three-bucket model of error which might help them the foresight factors that raises the chance of patient safety incidents. Training on risk assessment does not have to take place in classroom but can be cultivated in forming part of clinical handovers, or of daily training programmes involving for example, manual handling and lifting which was not done by the nurses on duty in this scenario. The training programme designed created to equip staff with prospective risk assessment abilities and a simple model needed for use in their everyday work. It aim is to help nurses to do something to prevent incidents, improve nurses knowledge of the factors that can be added to make patient safety incident occur, educating nurses by encouraging them to share their experiences of patient safety incidents, improving their knowledge of risky situations. The program also help prepare staff nurses to undertake urgent risk assessments of risky situations by encouraging them to accept that errors can and will always occur and to be more at alert of safety gaps where they work, know how to check situations before starting a task and so increases chances to minimise and avoid errors and to note and anticipate problems and to prepare in advance to deal with them. Ask for more qualified help when necessary and to know what stops them from asking for help. THE SCENERIO My patient case scenario happened in south à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ south Nigeria, West Africa where a student nurse did her clinical practice. An eight year old girl who was admitted for the treatment for malaria had her arm amputated before discharge from the hospital. This young baby as I will call her was admitted into a 40 bedded busy ward with just three trained registered nurses on duty on each shift. She came in with severe pyrexia which was later brought down, but on the third day of her stay in the ward as a stable patient, the medical doctor on duty ordered for a malaria parasite blood investigation to see if there are more parasites before discharge. Fortunately the hospital management board had enacted a law which governs the hospital and the laboratory in this hospital whereby blood samples are collected by the nurse on duty to the medical laboratory scientist because the hospital had only one medical laboratory scientist that runs the laboratory. The hospital management board tells the Federal Government that they have employed ten medical laboratory scientists (Ghost workers) but apparently employed just one. On that faithful morning one of the registered nurses on duty collected this patient blood for investigations but forgot to unfasten the tied tourniquet from the patientà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s arm. The incident took place with the morning nurses on duty while handing over to the afternoon nurses the unfasten tourniquet was still on the patient arm so the tourniquet was there for two days without any of the nurses on duty noticing, the patient mum thought the on the girls arm was part of the treatment. 48 hours later a registered nurse on duty who went to give the patient bed bath saw it and by then blood supply to that arm has been cut off. An incident report was filled and submitted to investigated the incidence but information collected could not be worked on appropriately because the structure of the management board is pathologic because they have this attitude already that they needed not to waste their time on patient safety issue (Parker, 2001) SYSTEM FACTORS Throughout management of care, registered nurses are used extensively. Most health management officers prefers using advanced practice nurses in their primary care duties in changing patients positions and in community settings. Another important role for the registered nurse is that of case management while on duty. As a case manager you will have to manage care for a patient during the whole of the health care system to minimize breakdowns, contain cost and improve the quality of life. Nurses also help in a triage role, deciding the most suitable course of intervention and are often employed to render the most appropriate and cost-efficient care. This duty often involves moving a patient out of the hospital, a nursing home or with health service. The patients who are the consumers have different views towards managed care and their experiences. Some patients have good access, care givers they trust, various range of services and fair costs. Others have experienced access problem, refusal of treatment and limited coverage as seen in this case scenario. As patients become more informed, they began to fight for their rights to better health care services through legal system and reforms. Reducing workforce as seen in this essay, without proper reconstruction simply leaves fewer people to realize already inefficient and ineffective work.Unluckly this short sighted approach is taken by various companies, both in and outside health sector. The outcome is poor morale, patient discontent, low-quality outcome and loss of able staff. Kuokkanen et al., (2003) in their studies noted that job satisfaction, empowerment and organizational obligations are closely linked. Health care workers today are facing a very different work environment. They mostly have seven to ten different jobs during a typical work career moderately than the three jobs or lesser held by former generation. Keys to successful reconstruction of the health system include strong leadership, support from the leaders from the top (resources, cultural, financial and time) positive thinkers, steadfastness and our being able to answer these few questions: -What is our mission? -What standard do we want? -How do we need to go about our work? -What people do we want to work with? The history, political and socioeconomic factors of a country determines the characteristics of the health system, for example the hospital where this incidence occurred ,the organizational models are visionary and do not actually exist in a realistic pure state. Giving the Federal government a false figure of staff in each ward and having few staff is organisational failures that lead to the patient safety incidence. Due to the poor system normal daily nursing procedures were not carried out like taking of vital signs four hourly because if the normal routine procedure of taking vital signs was done the nurse that carried out the procedure would have seen the unfasten tourniquet that was tied on the little girls arm. During handing and taking over of the morning nurses to the afternoon nurses, the blood specimen collection which was a latest development would have been reported to the head nurse on afternoon duty. The nurses on night duty also failed in their duties. If a proper night report was written and read out loudly by a night nurses in the presence of all the day duty nurses the next day the error would have still be noted. Healthcare managers, strategy-makers and governors at the blunt-end-they decide on how care is delivered through strategies, financial control and directing the work of the healthcare professionals. At the blunt-end, latent conditions occur. A working environment is made that increases the chances that there will be an active failure at the sharp end. There are a whole lot of latent failures-all with the possibility to cause an adverse event like what we have now in this patient case scenario. The healthcare system in this scenario is overloaded such as overbooking admissions into the ward with less staff. Normally there is a combination of many small factors, each appearing not to be important when viewed alone. When latent failures occur in addition to only one active failure, such as forgetting to unfasten a used tourniquet by a registered nurse who is overtired because she has been working in an overcrowded and busy ward, the outcome is a recipe for an adverse event to occur. HUMAN FACTORS Human factor is the application of human knowledge, ability and limitations to the design of common systems of people, work tools and their environment to guarantee their influence, safety and ease of use. The above definition explains it further that the chores nurses perfrom,the equipment they are called to use, their work environment and the organizational procedures that moulds their activities may or may not be a good fit for their advantage and disadvantage. Poor outcome usually occurs when the sensory, behavioural and cognitive traits of providers are put together. Most nursing work processes have evolved as a result of personal or practice first choice rather than through a systematic method of constructing a system that gives rise to small errors and greater effectiveness. Far too often, care givers and administrators have fallen into a current situation trap carrying out procedures simply because they always had been done that way. Experts in human factor on the other hand, look at human abilities and weakness in the construction of systems, stressing the importance of avoiding believe in memory, carefulness and follow up intentions-areas where human acts of avoiding confidence. Processes can be made easy and standardized, leading to less confusion, gains more effectiveness and fewer errors. The area of human factors does not point solely on devices and technology. Human factor research came up during World War II as a result of showcasing equipment and controls that were not fitted to the visual and motor abilities of human users, decade after decade of human factors work has seen a broadening of the human accomplishment issues seen worthy of investigation. Lately a number of human factor experts with interest in improving health care standard and safety spoke addressing a more inclusive range of sociotechnical system factors, including only patient, care givers, the duty performed, and group work, but also work environments or Microsystems. One of the lessons coming from a systems method is that meaningful improvements in safety and quality are likely to be reached by seeing to and correcting the mistakes among these organizational and management matters, and socioeconomic factors outside of the institution. Managing the systems confidence of care, as seen by confidenc e of care, is a big challenge faced by providers and their human factor partners. Human factor relevant to this case scenario is that there was an inadequate flow of information from the nurses during their handing over process. The nurses on each shift did not have the information they needed to appropriately care for the young girl. The (Joint Commission) 2006 advices on the improvement of effective communication which is include a requirement for a standardized handing-off of communications. Other human factors that lead to the incident were fatigue, stress and interruptions. Although the nurse that carried out the procedure was not a medical laboratory scientist but she should have explained the procedure to the young girl or get an interpreter to interpret the procedure to the patients mother because she does not understand English. This effective communication before the procedure would have helped in great deal in preventing this accident because the mother caring for her daughter would have noticed the tourniquet still fastened on her daughters arm after the procedure was an error and would have drawn the attention of the nurse or any other nurse to unfasten it. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRACTICE Increasing the number of medical staffing in order to achieve compliance will help in minimizing patient safety incidence rather than lying. Although increasing the number of medical staff is not a criterion that error will be prevented completely in the practical world. Setting up assessment team amongst the nurses who will be dedicatedly positioned to centralised areas in the ward to assess acutely ill patients and strict monitoring while still on admission. No matter how bad the case in a hospital is, there must be a patient safety champion in each department or division which should be recommended or nominated by the staff in the hospital. The hospital should use the information generated by its incident reporting system and organization-wide risk assessments to proactively improve patient care.

Deviance :: essays research papers fc

SOCIAL DEVIANCE LET'S SIT RIGHT BACK AND HEAR A TALE, A TALE OF A FATEFUL TRIP, THAT STARTED ON THIS DESERT ISLE, ON THIS TINY SHIP.... WHEN YOU TAKE A LOOK AT YOURSELF AFLOAT IN THIS OCEAN OF PEOPLE, IT DOESN'T TAKE MUCH TO KICK UP A STORM AND CAPSIZE. FOR AN ENTIRE DAY I WAS A ONE MAN TROPICAL DEPRESSION. MY PARTNER AND I WANDERED AROUND TOWN WITH ONLY A GOAL OF INVADING OTHERS' PERSONAL SPACE. THROUGHOUT THE CITY, WE CROWDED PEOPLE AT PAYPHONES, SAT NEXT TO PEOPLE ON PARK BENCHES, SNUGGLED UP TO SINGLE RIDERS ON ELEVATORS, BROKE THE LAW OF URINAL ETIQUETTE ABD GENERALLY ANNOYED PEOPLE IN A LIBRARY. WITH THE PAYPHONE WE MADE THE INITIAL DECISION TO ALTERNATE, MY PARTNER BEING FEMALE AND I MALE, TO ALSO SEE THE DIFFERENCE RESPONSES TO MALE VS. FEMALE INTRUSION. WE WOULD ALTERNATELY WALK UP TO AND STAND BESIDE THE KIOSK OR BOOTH. WE MADE A DRAMATIC DEMONSTRATION OF NOT LISTENING TO THE CONVERSATION BY DIGGING THROUGH PURSE OR WALLET OR TOEING AROUND SOME IMAGINARY OBJECT ON THE GROUND. ON PARK BENCH ES WE USED THE SAME IDEA. WE ONLY STUCK OURSELVES INTO THE SITUATION IF THERE WAS ONLY A SOLO RIDER AND ENOUGH ROOM FOR US TO HAVE STOOD A DISTANCE AWAY. CROWDING SOMEONE IN AN EMPTY 10' X 8' ELEVATOR OR PLOPPING DOWN NEXT TO SOMEONE ON A PARK BENCH SURROUNDED BY FOUR TO FIVE EMPTY BENCHES SEEMED TO SHOW THE MOST DRAMATIC RESPONSE. WE DECIDED THAT THE RULES NORMALLY ADHERED TO IN A LIBRARY SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE DEFINITION OF PERSONAL SPACE, JUST THAT THE SPACE HAD BEEN EXPANDED IN SIZE AND WIDENED TO INCLUDED SOUND PRODUCED BY ANOTHER. MY PARTNER SET HER CELL PHONE AND PAGER IN FRONT OF HER O A TABLE, SLID HER HEADPHONES INTO PLACE TO MAKE IT EASIER TO IGNORE BOTH AND SAT THERE. I MOVED TO THE STACK AREA AND CALLED HER PAGER AND PHONE REPEATEDLY. THE MOST QUESTIONABLE WAYS TO TEST PERSONAL SPACE WERE MINE, ASSUMING THEY WERE ALSO THE EASIEST TO DRAW VIOLENCE. I SPENT AN HOUR INSIDE THE THE WALK IN LOBBY OF A BANK IN THE DAYLIGHT AND AGAIN AFTER MIDNIGHT GETTING WHAT WAS EVIDENTL Y TOO CLOSE TO PEOPLE USING ATM MACHINES. THE LAST DEVIANT ACT WITHIN THE REALM OF PERSONAL SPACE WAS DONE ONCE AND ONLY ONCE. WITHIN A BANK OF SEVEN URINALS IN A RESTROOM, I WAITED FOR ONE TO BE USED (THE FAR RIGHT WAS PICKED), THEN MOVED TO THE SECOND FROM THE RIGHT.

The Robot Tree A New Ecofriendly Technology Environmental Sciences Essay

The paper trades with the construct of a man-made tree called â€Å" ROBOT TREE † . The Robot tree has the possible to absorb C dioxide which is the major cause for the planetary heating. Although methane, azotic oxide, ozone, fluorinated compounds besides account for the planetary heating, C dioxide is the major gas which causes ninety per centum of the planetary heating. The definition of planetary heating, causes and effects of planetary heating, the solution we propose, how the automaton tree ( man-made tree ) gives a solution to the consequence and the feasibleness of the man-made tree are profoundly discussed in this paper. This paper can move as a guidebook to cognize about the engineering with its seeds and weeds and to acquire the importance of the engineering in the coming hereafter.Introduction:We all know that woods are the hoarded wealths of our Earth. But now, world himself has started to destruct woods -the hoarded wealths of our Earth. By cutting trees, non mer ely that the rainfall will be reduced, besides the temperature will raise tremendously, which consequences in planetary heating. This causes injury to the whole world. Thus the scientists are giving call to protect forest and salvage world. Research is traveling on sing the issue. In our paper we propose an amazing solution to salvage our Earth from planetary warming.The nursery consequence is being accelerated by releases of certain gases to the ambiance that are doing the Earth ‘s temperature to lift.â€Å" WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING? ? ?Global Warming is defined as the addition of the mean temperature on Earth. As the Earth is acquiring hotter, catastrophes like hurricanes, drouths and inundations are acquiring more frequent. †Over the last 100 old ages, the mean temperature of the air near the EarthA?s surface has risen a little less than 1A ° Celsius ( 0.74 A ± 0.18A °C, or 1.3 A ± 0.32A ° Fahrenheit ) . Does non look all that much? It is responsible for the conspicuous addition in storms, inundations and ramping forest fires we have seen in the last 10 old ages, though, say scientists. A Their informations show that an addition of one grade Celsius makes the Earth heater now than it has been for at least a thousand old ages. Out of the 20 warmest old ages on record, 19 have occurred since 1980. The three hottest old ages of all time observed have all occurred in the last eight old ages, even. 180px-2000_Year_Temperature_ComparisonMAIN CAUSES FOR GLOBAL Heating:Carbon dioxide, H2O vapor, azotic oxide, methane and ozone are some of the natural gases doing planetary heating.CARBON DIOXIDENinety-three per centum of all emanationsGenerating power by firing C based fossil fuels like natural gas, oil, and coal, decomposition, accounting for about one one-fourth of all planetary emanations.MethaneTwenty times more effectual in pin downing heat in our ambiance 25 times every bit powerful as C dioxideAgricultural activities, landfills.NITROUS OXIDEAgricultural dirt direction, carnal manure direction, sewerage intervention, Mobile and stationary burning of fossil fuel, adipic acid production, and azotic acid production.OzoneAutomobile fumes and industrial procedures.HYDROFLURO COMPOUNDS ( HFCs ) .Industrial procedures such as foam production, infrigidation, dry cleansing, chemical fabrication, and semiconducting material fabrication.PERFLURONIATEDCOMPOUNDS ( PFCs ) .Smelting of alum inumHealth AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS:Greenhouse gas emanations could do a 1.8 to 6.3A ° Fahrenheit rise in temperature during the following century, if atmospheric degrees are non reduced.Produce utmost conditions events, such as drouths and inundations.Threaten coastal resources and wetlands by raising sea degree.Increase the hazard of certain diseases by bring forthing new genteelness sites for plagues and pathogens.Agricultural parts and forests are besides susceptible to alterations in clime that could ensue in increased insect populations and works disease.The debasement of natural ecosystems could take to cut down biological diverseness.WHAT GLOBAL Heating EFFECTS ARE EXPECTED FOR THE FUTURE?To foretell the hereafter planetary heating effects, several nursery gas emanation scenarios were developed and fed into computing machine theoretical accounts. They project for the following century that, without specific policy alterations Global average temperature should increase by between 1.4 and 5.8A °C ( 2.5 to 10A °F ) . The Northern Hemisphere screen should diminish further, but the Antarctic ice sheet should increase. The sea degree should lift by between 9 and 88 centimeter ( 3.5 † to 35 † ) . Other alterations should happen, including an addition in some utmost conditions events.After 2100, human induced planetary heating effects are projected to prevail for many centuries.The sea degree should go on lifting for 1000s of old ages after the clime has been stabilized. We have weather up to 40 degree Celsius now.IMPACTS OF RISE IN MAJOR GREEN HOUSE GAS CO2:In air the C dioxide concentration should be about 330 ppm ( parts per million ) .But due to environmental research workers the C dioxide content will increase as follows,2025i? 405 to 469 ppm2050i? 445 to 640 ppm2100i? 540 to 970 ppmWe have weather up to 40 degree Celsius now. It is expected that the conditions will increase in Tamil Nadu as follows.In 2025 i? 0.4 to 1.1 grade CelsiusIn 2050 i? 0.8 to 2.6 grade CelsiusIn 2100 i? 1.4 to 5.8 grade CelsiusSolution WE PROPOSE:We all know that woods are the hoarded wealths of our Earth. But, adult male started to destruct woods and the scientists are giving call to salvage for est. We all know that forests aid to protect the Earth from planetary heating. By cutting trees, non merely that the rainfall will be reduced, besides the temperature will raise tremendously, which causes injury to the whole world. The research is traveling on all the clip to salvage the world from planetary heating. Now, it has been found that automaton trees will assist to undertake the job of planetary heating. In the air, the C dioxide content should be 330 ppm ( portion per million ) . Day by twenty-four hours it is increasing which consequences in planetary heating.WHAT IS ROBOT TREE? ? ?The scientists are seeking to do automaton to execute assorted activities to cut down the physical and mental work of human being. The combination of nature and automatons is called Robotany. The scientists Jill Coffin, John Taylor and Daniel Bauen are researching on automaton tree. The robot tree does non look like our ordinary tree. The constructions of the root, roots and foliages are prese nt in the automaton tree. Does robot corner aid to work out the job of planetary heating? I have read in a magazine late that the experiment done by the research workers at Madurai Kamaraj University on automaton tree is successful. Hats off to them. It is truly happy intelligence. We have studied in history that the male monarchs of olden yearss had planted trees on both sides of the route. In the same manner we hope that all the roads will hold robot trees on both sides in future to forestall planetary heating and salvage the Earth. It is said that one automaton tree is equal to 1000 natural trees. Each automaton tree looks more like a elephantine fly flyswat so as to stay as guards of world Klaus Lackner, a professor of Geophysicss at Columbia University, is working on an interesting construct: A â€Å" man-made trees † .A The thought is to reproduce the procedure of photosynthesis to gaining control and shop monolithic sums of CO2 gas. About 90,000 dozenss of C dioxide a twelvemonth, approximately the sum emitted yearly by 15,000 autos, could be captured by the construction. Paired with a windmill, the carbon-capture tree would bring forth about 3 megawatts of power, Lackner calculates, doing the operation self-sufficient in energy. synthetic_tree The scientists are seeking to do automaton to execute assorted activities to cut down the physical and mental work of human being. The combination of nature and automatons is called Robotany. The scientists Jill Coffin, John Taylor and Daniel Bauen are presently researching on automaton tree.HOW DOES A ROBOT TREE FUNCTION? ? ?Merely conceive of a normal tree. A normal will hold a root, root and foliages. In the same manner, the automaton tree besides has root, root, subdivision and foliage like normal tree. Some plastic poles are fixed in the root portion and in between solar home bases are fixed which act as foliages. In the large poles little holes are made and little poles are fixed. This will absorb C dioxide in the air. In the interior of large poles there will be calcium hydroxide liquid and the captive C dioxide will be dissolved in it. The solar home bases produce current and base on balls current inside the root, which will divide C and O. Oxygen, H and vapor will come out. The C will move with H2O and go carbonaceous acid. The carbonaceous acid will go through down through automatons and will be absorbed by the dirt Once once more. A study of the signifier and building of A Tree for Anable Basin A new â€Å" air extractor † engineering presented by Klaus Lackner, a professor of Geophysicss at Columbia ‘s Earth Institute, offers something no other C gaining control engineering on the pulling board has. Unlike conventional C gaining control and storage ( besides known as geosequestration ) , which absorbs C02 on-site ( i.e. the flush watercourse of emanations from power workss ) , air extractors absorb C dioxide from any location on the planet. This means that CO2 emanations can be captured from about all large-emitting sources-from stationary mills and power workss to autos and planes in gesture. These man-made trees can â€Å" thrive † in any location. man-made treesA computer-generated image of Lackner ‘s â€Å" man-made trees. †Man-made trees do n't precisely look like your mean tree with green foliages and roots. Although the design is non finalized, Lackner predicts that the device would look more like a station with Venetian blinds strung across it ; a boxlike extractor raised about 1,000 pess tall, adorned with scaffolding lined with liquid Na hydrated oxide ( normally known as lye ) . When exposed, Na hydrated oxide ( lye ) is an absorbent of CO2. So, as air flows through the Venetian blind â€Å" foliages of the tree † , the Na hydrated oxide will adhere the CO2, sifting out cleansing agent, about 70-90 % less CO2 concentrated air on the other side. Lackner estimates that an country of Na hydrated oxide about the size of a big Television screen ( a 20 inch diagonal ) and a metre in deepness could absorb 20 dozenss of CO2 a twelvemonth. Paired with a windmill, a carbon-capture tree could bring forth about 3 megawatts of power.IS IT FEASIBLE? ? ?The chemical procedure of utilizing Ca or Na hydrated oxide to absorb CO2 has been known for old ages but the inquiry of whether it can be done in an low-cost energy efficient mode has non yet been to the full answered. Constructing and raising the aggregator device is merely 20 % of the cost ; the balance of the cost involves prising the CO2 loose from the absorbent and hive awaying it- an energy intensive procedure. The dorsum of the envelope computation of entire cost supposes 3000 to 5000 rupees per ton captured, which is big as compared to the 1000-2000 rupees per ton on cost that advocates of a C revenue enhancement or cap-and-trade strategy believe will stabilise atmospheric emanations of CO2. It may look like excessively immerse a cost to closely see, but Lackner believes â€Å" it ‘s deserving looking at things that start out even five times excessively expensive â€Å" . DEVELOPING CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE ( CCS ) : carbon-capture-and-storage1 Despite common concern that CCS, and therefore air gaining control excessively, will deter our society from traveling to clean energy options. Fossil fuels are non running out anytime shortly, and if we were to turn all of them into C dioxide, we ‘ll hold a clime calamity. We may run out of oil and gas ; you can be disbelieving of that. But we wo n't run out of coal. We either abandon dodo fuels instantly within the following 50 old ages or figure out a manner to make CCS. â€Å" As we head toward 450, 550, even 750ppm this century, environmental leaders are acquiring serious about C gaining control and storage. A 2005 IPCC study concluded that â€Å" C gaining control and storage â€Å" has the possible to cut down overall extenuation costs and increase flexibleness in cut downing nursery gases † . Existing C gaining control engineering can cut down CO2 emanations from coal-burning or natural-gas power workss by 80 to 90 per centum, estimates the IPCC.energy efficiency and some renewables are cheaper now, but if the clime begins to tip out of control, so C gaining control and storage can supply a planet-saving insurance policy.BASIC CHEMICAL REACTIONS WITH ROBOT TREE:The reaction of Na hydrated oxide with C dioxide ( as carbonaceous acid ) occurs basically in two stairss, foremost a reaction from carbonaceous acid to bicarbonate and so to carbonate. This is a simple acid-base reaction. CO2 is an acerb anhydrite and NaOH is a base. So reaction gives the salt Na2CO3 and H2O another possible merchandise is the salt Na2CO3 that is produced if a 1:2 ratio of CO2 and NaOH is used. A little per centum of wet nowadays in the absorptive stuff, ( about 3 % ) is of import. CO2 reacts with this wet to organize carbonaceous acid,CO2+H 2O- & gt ; H2CO3Which in bend reacts with the hydrated oxide to organize the salt of carbonaceous acid, or Na carbonate? The soaking up of C dioxide is expressed as follows: The merchandises of reaction are sodium carbonate and H2O.H2CO3 + NaOH – & gt ; NaHCO3 + H2ONaHCO3 + NaOH – & gt ; Na2CO3 + H2ODECARBITE:DECARBITEA ® is an engrossing merchandise. This merchandise is sodium hydroxide carried on a silica base. The natural affinity of Na hydrated oxide to acid gasses makes it a desirable stuff to utilize in the soaking up of the acid gas C dioxide. The Na hydrated oxide content in DECARBITEA ® is high, about 90 % , and histories for the aggressive merchandise public presentation and exceeding capacity for soaking up of C dioxide. The Na hydrated oxide content in DECARBITEA ® is high, about 90 % , and histories for the aggressive merchandise public presentation and exceeding capacity for soaking up of C dioxide. The universally recognized Carbon Dioxide absorbent, DECARBITEA ® is a consumable chemical absorbent. It is a specially formulated mixture of Sodium Hydroxide on to an inert silicon oxide bearer supplying a surface country particularly suited for the rapid, high public presentation and entire soaking up of CO2 on contact. Efficiency: For the rapid or high public presentation quantative soaking up of CO2 in the ppm scope DECARBITE is colour indicating, altering from light-green brown to white upon C dioxide impregnation. The soaking up of C dioxide remotion or any acerb gas utilizing DECARBITE is a chemical reaction, non a physical one. Carbon dioxide reacts with the Na hydrated oxide based absorbent and undergoes a complete chemical alteration. This alteration is irreversible ; therefore the absorbent can non be regenerated for reuse. This alteration is clearly perceptible and indicates when exhausted stuff is to be discarded. Occasionally, a status known as channeling can happen when the gas flow finds holes or countries of least opposition and a channel is formed. The gas flow follows these channels through the absorbent get the better ofing the intent of scouring out the C dioxide. DECARBITE eliminates this job in several ways ; the silicon oxide binding to the Na hydrated oxide keeps the atoms from adhering in the presence of wet which is formed as a by-product of the soaking up reaction. It besides aids in forestalling the absorbent to blend into a solid mass barricading gas flow and doing back force per unit area across the soaking up bed. The association reaction of NaOH with CO2 is at least 40 times faster than NaOH + HCl at all heights below the Na bed. Na species will non impact stratospheric ClOx and O3 chemical science. The transition of C dioxide to bicarbonate is complete at pH 8.3.Phenolphthalein can be used as a colour index for the titration.Decision:Energy is truly a topographic point where more engineering is perfectly necessary. About one and half a lakh automaton trees are adequate for sublimating C dioxide in the air for one twelvemonth, about. One automaton tree is said to hold the capacity to absorb 90,000 dozenss of C dioxide every twelvemonth. It is the sum of C dioxide released by 15,000 autos in one twelvemonth. But robot trees will non assist to convey rain. It will protect the Earth from planetary heating.Cost: ( app )10 pess robot tree-50,00200 pess robot tree-5 hundred thousand.The cost of the automaton tree may be high, but the cost of non holding outstanding engineering for planetary heating may be even higher. There are n't that many big scale beginnings of energy could be tapped at the graduated table the universe needs them. Hydro will ne'er be adequate, and neither will weave. Solar, atomic, and dodo could be adequate, but they all have defects. If we do n't put large stakes on all three, we could happen ourselves with none of them working, and we ‘ll hold energy crisis of unprecedented proportions. We have studied in history that the male monarchs of olden yearss had planted trees on both sides of the route. In the same manner we hope that all the roads will hold robot trees on both sides to forestall planetary heating and salvage the Earth. It is said that one automaton tree is equal to 1000 natural trees.â€Å" Implement automaton treesPrevent planetary heating,And therefore,Salvage the Earth! ! ! †